Ifugaos are the people inhabiting Ifugao Province. They come from the municipalities of Lagawe (Capital Town), Aguinaldo, Alfonso Lista, Asipulo, Banaue, Hingyon, Hungduan, Kiangan, Lamut, Mayoyao, and Tinoc. 

The term “Ifugao” is derived from “ipugo” which means “earth people”, “mortals” or “humans”, as distinguished from spirits and deities. It also means “from the hill”, as pugo means hill. The term Igorot or Ygolote was the term used by Spanish conquerors for mountain people. The Ifugaos, however, prefer the name Ifugao.